Ñêîðî÷åííÿ | Çíà÷åííÿ |
AA |
Always
Afloat |
AAAA |
Always
Accessible Always Afloat |
AAOSA |
Always
Afloat or Safe Aground. Condition for a vessel whilst in port |
AARA |
Amsterdam-Antwerp-Rotterdam
Area |
ABAFT |
Toward
the rear (stern) of the ship. Behind. |
ABOARD |
On
or within the ship |
ABOVE DECK |
On
the deck (not over it - see ALOFT) |
ABT |
About |
ADCOM |
Address
Commission |
ADDENDUM |
Additional
chartering terms at the end of a charter party |
AFSPS |
Arrival
First Sea Pilot Station (Norway) |
AFFREIGHTMENT |
The
hiring of a ship in whole or part |
AFT |
At
or towards the stern or rear of a ship |
AGROUND |
Touching
or fast to the bottom |
AGW |
All
Going Well |
AHL |
Australian
Hold Ladders |
AIDS TO NAVIGATION |
Artificial
objects to supplement natural landmarks indicating safe and unsafe waters |
ALOFT |
Above
the deck of the ship |
AMIDSHIPS |
In
or toward the centre of the ship |
ANCHORAGE |
A
place suitable for anchorage in relation to the wind, seas and bottom |
ANTHAM |
Antwerp-Hamburg
Range |
APS |
Arrival
Pilot Station |
ARAG |
Amsterdam-Rotterdam--Antwerp-Gent
Range |
ARBITRATION |
Method
of settling disputes which is usually binding on parties. A clause usually in
a charter party |
A/S |
Alongside |
ASBA |
American
Shipbrokers Association |
ASPW |
Any
Safe Port in the World |
ASTERN |
In
the back of the ship, opposite of ahead |
ATDNSHINC |
Any
Time Day/Night Sundays and Holidays Included |
ATHWARTSHIPS |
At
right angles to the centreline of the ship |
ATUTC |
Actual
Times Used to Count |
BACKLETTER |
Where
a seller/shipper issues a 'letter of indemnity' in favour of the carrier in
exchange for a clean bill of lading |
BAF |
Bunker
Adjustment Factor. A Fuel Surcharge expressed as a percentage added or
subtracted from the freight amount, reflecting the movement in the market
place price for bunkers. |
BALE CAP. |
Cubic
capacity of a vessels holds to carry packaged dry cargo such as bales/pallets |
BALLAST |
Heavy
weight, often sea water, necessary for the stability and safety of a ship
which is not carrying cargo |
BALLAST BONUS |
Compensation
for relatively long ballast voyage |
BAREBOAT CHTR. |
Bareboat
Charter - Owners lease a specific ship and control its technical management
and commercial operations only. Charterers take over all responsibility for
the operation of the vessel and expenses for the duration. |
BBB |
Before
Breaking Bulk. Refers to freight payments that must be received before
discharge of a vessel commences |
BDI |
Both
Dates Inclusive |
BEAM |
The
maximum breadth or the greatest width of a ship |
BELOW |
Beneath
the deck |
BENDS |
Both
Ends (Load & Discharge Ports) |
BI |
Both
Inclusive |
BIMCO |
The
Baltic and International Maritime Council |
BL1 |
Bale |
BL2 |
(Bill
of Lading) A document signed by the carrier which acts as a Contract of
Affreightment, a receipt and evidence of title to the cargo. |
BM |
Beam |
BN |
Booking
Note |
BOB |
Bunker
on Board |
BOFFER |
Best
Offer |
BOW |
The
forward part of a ship |
BROB |
Bunkers
Remaining on Board |
BROKERAGE |
Percentage
of freight payable to broker (by owners in c/p's) or applicable to sale or
purchase |
BSS |
Basis |
BSS 1/1 |
Basis
1 Port to 1 Port |
BT |
Berth
Terms |
BULKHEAD |
A
vertical partition separating compartments |
BUNDLING |
This
is the assembly of pieces of cargo, secured into one manageable unit. This is
relevant to items such as Structural Steel, Handrails, Stairways etc. Whilst
this is a very flexible description, a rule of thumb is to present cargo at a
size easily handled by a large (20 tonne) fork lift. |
BUNKERS |
Name
given for vessels Fuel and Diesel Oil supplies (Originates from coal bunkers) |
BUOY |
An
anchored float used for marking a position on the water or a hazard or a
shoal and for mooring |
BWAD |
Brackish
Water Arrival Draft |
CAF |
Currency
Adjustment Factor |
CBM |
Cubic
Metres |
CBFT (or CFT) |
Cubic
Feet |
CFR (or C&F) |
Cost
and Freight |
CHART |
A
map used by navigators |
CHOPT |
Charterers
Option |
CHTRS |
Charterers |
CIF |
Cost,
Insurance & Freight. Seller pays all these costs to a nominated port or
place of discharge. |
CKD |
Completely
knocked down |
COA |
Contract
of Affreightment - Owners agree to accept a cost per revenue tonne for cargo
carried on a specific number of voyages. |
CIP |
Carriage
and Insurance paid to... |
COACP |
Contract
of Affreightment Charter Party |
COB |
Closing
of Business |
COBLDN |
Closing
of Business London |
COD |
Cash
On Delivery |
COGSA |
Carriage
of Goods by Sea Act |
CONGESTION |
Port/berth
delays |
CONS |
Consumption |
C/SNEE |
CONSIGNEE.
Name of agent, company or person receiving consignment |
COP |
Custom
Of Port |
CP (or C/P) |
Charter
Party |
CPD |
Charterers
Pay Dues |
CPT |
Carriage
Paid To |
CQD |
Customary
Quick Despatch |
CR |
Current
Rate |
CROB |
Cargo
Remaining on Board |
CRN |
Crane |
CRT |
Cargo
Retention Clauses, introduced by charterers based on shortage of delivered
cargo because of increased oil prices |
CST |
Centistoke |
CTR |
Container
Fitted |
DA |
Disbursement
Account |
DAF |
Deliver
At Frontier |
DAPS |
Days
all Purposes (Total days for loading & discharging) |
DAMFORDET |
Damages
for Detention. Penalty if cargo is not ready when ship arrives for working
(1st day of Laycan). This is not detention which is charged for ships time on
delay. If the cargo is ready there is no DAMFORDET. |
DDU |
Delivered
Duty unpaid. |
DDP |
Delivered
Duty Paid. |
DECK |
A
permanent covering over a compartment, hull or any part thereof |
DEM |
Demurrage
(Quay Rent). Money paid by the shipper for the occupying port space beyond a
specified "Free Time" period. |
DEQ |
Delivered
Ex Quay |
DES |
Delivered
Ex Ship |
DESP |
Despatch.
Time saved, reward for quick turnaround- in dry cargo only |
DET |
Detention
(See DAMFORDET) |
DEV |
Deviation.
Vessel departure from specified voyage course |
DFRT |
Deadfreight.
Space booked by shipper or charterer on a vessel but not used |
DHDATSBE |
Despatch
Half Demurrage on All Time Saved Both Ends |
DHDWTSBE |
Despatch
Half Demurrage on Working Time Saved Both Ends |
DISCH |
Discharge |
DK |
Deck |
DLOSP |
Dropping
Last Outwards Sea Pilot (Norway) |
DO |
Diesel
Oil |
DOLSP |
Dropping
Off Last Sea Pilot (Norway) |
DOP |
Dropping
Outward Pilot |
DOT |
Department
of Transport |
DNRCAOSLONL |
Discountless
and Non-Returnable Cargo and/or Ship Lost or Not Lost |
DRAUGHT (or DRAFT) |
Depth
to which a ship is immersed in water. The depth varies according to the
design of the ship and will be greater or lesser depending not only on the
weight of the ship and everything on board, but also on the density of the
water in which the ship is lying. |
DRK |
Derrick |
DUNNAGE |
Materials
of various types, often timber or matting, placed among the cargo for
separation, and hence protection from damage, for ventilation and, in the
case of certain cargoes, to provide space in which the tynes of a fork lift
truck may be inserted. |
DWAT (or DWT) |
Deadweight.
Weight of cargo, stores and water, i.e. the difference between lightship and
loaded displacement. |
EBB |
A
receeding current |
EC |
East
Coast |
EIU |
Even
If Used |
ELVENT |
Electric
Ventilation |
ETA |
Estimated
Time of Arrival |
ETC |
Estimated
Time of Completion |
ETD |
Estimated
Time of Departure |
ETS |
Estimated
Time of Sailing |
EXW |
Ex
Works |
FAC |
Fast
as can |
FAS |
Free
Alongside Ship. Seller delivers goods to appropriate dock or terminal at port
of embarkation and buyer covers costs and risks of loading |
FCA |
Free
to Carrier. A modern equivalent of FAS used in intermodal transport where
goods are transferred at a nominated forwarders premises, depot or terminal
but not actually on board vessel. |
FD (FDIS) |
Free
Discharge |
FDD |
Freight
Demurrage Deadfreight |
FDESP |
Free
Despatch |
FDEDANRSAOCLONL |
Freight
Deemed Earned, Discountless And Non-Returnable (Refundable) Ship And Or Cargo
Lost Or Not Lost |
FENDER |
A
cushion, placed between ships, or between a ship and a pier, to prevent
damage |
FEU |
Standard
40' Container |
FHEX |
Fridays/Holidays
Excluded |
FHINC |
Fridays/Holidays
Included |
FILO |
Free
In/Liner Out. Seafreight with which the shipper pays load costs and the
carrier pays for discharge costs. |
FIO |
Free
In/Out. Freight booked FIO includes the seafreight, but no
loading/discharging costs, i.e. the charterer pays for cost of
loading/discharging cargo. |
FIOS |
Free
In/Out Stowed. As per FIO, but excludes stowage costs. |
FIOST |
Free
In/Out and Trimmed. Charterer pays for cost of loading/discharging cargo,
including stowage and trimming. |
FIOT |
Free
In/Out and Trimmed. As per FIOS but includes trimming, e.g. the levelling of
bulk cargoes. FIOS includes seafreight, but excludes loading/discharging and
stowage costs. |
FIT |
Free
In Trimmed |
FIW |
Free
In Wagon |
FIXING |
Chartering
a Vessel |
FIXTURE |
Conclusion
of shipbrokers negotiations to charter a ship - an agreement |
FLATPACKING |
Cargo
to be presented stacked and secured as an integral unit. |
FLT |
Full
Liner Terms |
FMC |
Federal
Maritime Commission |
FME |
Force
Majeure Excepted |
FMS |
Fathoms |
FO1 |
For
Orders |
FO2 (IFO) |
Fuel
Oil/Intermediate FO |
FO3 |
Free
Out |
FOB |
Free
on Board. Seller sees the goods "over the ship's rail" on to the
ship which is arranged and paid for by the buyer |
FOFFER |
Firm
Offer |
FOG |
For
Our Guidance |
FOQ |
Free
On Quay |
FOR |
Free
On Rail |
FORCE MAJEURE |
Clause
limiting responsibilities of the charterers, shippers and receivers of cargo. |
FORE-AND-AFT |
In
a line parallel to the keel |
FORWARD |
Toward
the bow of the ship |
FOT |
Free
On Truck |
FOW1 |
First
Open Water |
FOW2 |
Free
On Wharf |
FP |
Free
Pratique. Clearance by the Health Authorities |
FR |
First
Refusal. First attempt at best offer that can be matched |
FREEBOARD |
The
minimum vertical distance from the surface of the water to the gunwale |
FRT |
Freight.
Money payable on delivery of cargo in a mercantile condition |
FREE DESPATCH |
If
loading/discharging achieved sooner than agreed, there will be no freight
money returned. |
FREE EXINS |
Free
of any Extra Insurance (Owners) |
FREE OUT |
Free
of discharge costs to owners. Includes seafreight only. |
FRUSTRATION |
Charterers
when cancelling agreement sometimes quote 'doctrine of frustration' i.e.
vessel is lost, extensive delays. |
FWAD |
Fresh
Water Arrival Draft |
FWDD |
Fresh
Water Departure Draft |
FYG |
For
Your Guidance |
FYI |
For
Your Information |
GA |
General
Average |
GEAR |
A
general term for ropes, blocks, tackle and other equipment |
GLS (GLESS) |
Gearless |
GNCN |
Gencon
(GENERAL CONDITIONS) |
GN (or GR) |
Grain
(Capacity) |
GO |
Gas
Oil |
GP |
Grain
Capacity. Cubic capacity in 'grain' |
GR |
Geographical
Rotation. Ports in order of calling |
GRD |
Geared |
GRT |
Gross
Registered Tonnage |
GSB |
Good,
Safe Berth |
GSP |
Good,
Safe Port |
GTEE |
Guarantee |
GUNWALE |
The
upper edge of a ship's sides |
2H |
Second
Half |
HA |
Hatch |
HAGUE RULES |
Code
of minimum conditions for the carriage of cargo under a Bill of Lading |
HATCH |
An
opening in a ship's deck fitted with a watertight cover |
HBF |
Harmless
Bulk Fertilizer |
HDLTSBENDS |
Half
Despatch Lay Time Saved Both Ends |
HDWTS |
Half
Despatch Working (or Weather) Time Saved |
HHDW |
Handy
Heavy d.w. (Scrap) |
HIRE |
T/C
Remuneration |
HMS |
Heavy
Metal Scraps |
HO |
Hold |
HOLD |
A
compartment below deck in a large vessel, used solely for carrying cargo |
HULL |
The
main body of a ship |
HW |
High
Water |
ICW |
Intercoastal
Waterway: bays, rivers, and canals along the coasts (such as the Atlantic and
Gulf of Mexico coasts), connected so that vessels may travel without going
into the sea |
IMDG |
International
Maritime Dangerous Goods Code |
IMO |
International
Maritime Organization |
IN &/OR OVER |
Goods
carried below and/or on deck |
IND |
Indication |
INTERMODAL |
Carriage
of a commodity by different modes of transport, i.e. sea, road, rail and air
within a single journey |
INCOTERMS |
(Refer
to comments in covering statement on front page A-F) |
ITF |
International
Transport Workers Federation (Trade Unions). Complies on crewing |
ITINERARY |
Route
Schedule |
IU |
If
Used |
IUHTAUTC |
If
Used, Half Time Actually To Count |
IWL |
Institute
Warranty Limits |
KEEL |
The
centreline of a ship running fore and aft; the backbone of a vessel |
KNOT |
A
measurement of speed equal to one nautical mile (6,076 feet) per hour |
MANIFEST |
Inventory
of cargo on board |
MB |
Merchant
Broker |
MDO (DO) |
Marine
Diesel Oil |
MIDSHIP |
Approximately
in the location equally distant from the bow and stern |
MIN/MAX |
Minimum/Maximum
(cargo quantity) |
MOA |
Memorandum
of Agreement |
MOLCHOPT |
More
or Less Charterers Option |
MOLOO |
More
or Less Owners Option |
MOORING |
An
arrangement for securing a ship to a mooring buoy or pier |
MT |
Mertic
Tonne (i.e. 1,000 kilos) |
M/V |
Motor
Vessel / Merchant Vessel |
NAABSA |
Not
Always Afloat But Safely Aground |
NM |
Nautical
Mile. One minute of latitude; approximately 6,076 feet - about 1/8 longer
than the statute mile of 5,280 feet |
NAVIGATION |
The
art and science of conducting a ship safely from one point to another |
NCB |
National
Cargo Bureau |
NESTING |
Implies
that cargo is presented stacked in the contour of similarly shaped cargo, it
may be likened to a stack of plates. This is particularly relevant in the
presentation of tankage strakes for transport |
NON-REVERSIBLE |
(Detention).
If loading completed sooner than expected, then saved days will not be added
to discharge time allowed. |
NOR |
Notice
of Readiness |
NRT |
Net
Restricted Tonnage |
NYPE |
New
York Produce Exchange |
OO |
Owners
Option |
OBO |
Ore/Bulk/Oil
Vessel |
OSH |
Open
Shelter Deck |
OVERBOARD |
Over
the side or out of the ship |
OWS |
Owners |
P&I |
Protection
and Indemnity Insurance |
PASTUS |
Past
Us |
PC |
Period
of Charter |
PCGO |
Part
Cargo |
PCT |
Percent |
PDPR |
Per
Day Pro Rata |
PERDIEM |
By
the Day |
PER SE |
By
Itself |
PHPD |
Per
Hatch Per Day |
PLIMSOLL MARK |
An internationally recognized line painted on
the side of merchant ships. When a ship is loaded, the water level is not
supposed to go above the line. Water can reach different parts of the line as
its temperature and saltiness varies with the season and location. From where
Plimsoll Shipping derived its name. |
alt.PLIMSOLL
LINE |
alt.LOAD
LINE |
PORT |
The
left side of a ship looking forward. A harbour. |
PRATIQUE |
Licence
or permission to use a port |
PREAMBLE |
Introduction
to a charter party |
PROFORMA |
Estimated
Account |
PUS |
Plus
Us |
PWWD |
Per
Weather Working Day |
RCVR |
Receiver |
RECAP |
Recapitulation
of the terms and conditions agreed |
REVERSIBLE |
(Detention).
If loading completed sooner than expected at load port, then days saved can
be added to discharge operations. |
ROB |
Remaining
On Board |
RT |
Revenue
Tonne (i.e. 1.0 metric tonne or 1.0 cubic meter, whichever greater). The
overall RT is calculated on a line by line basis of the Packing List using
the largest amount. The overall freight liability is calculated on the total
RT amount, multiplied by the freight rate. |
SATPM |
Saturday
P.M. |
SB |
Safe
Berth |
SD (or SID) |
Single
Decker |
SEAFREIGHT |
Costs
charged for transporting goods over the sea. This does not cover haulage or
loading/discharging costs but the sea transport only |
SEAWORTHINESS |
Statement
of condition of the vessel (valid certificates, fully equipped and manned
etc.) |
SELFD |
Self
Discharging |
SEMI-TRAILERS |
Are
usually 12.0 meter flat bed road trailers |
SF |
Stowage
Factor. Cubic space (measurement tonne) occupied by one tonne (2,240
lbs/1,000 kgs) of cargo |
SHINC |
Sundays/Holidays
Included |
SHEX |
Sundays/Holidays
Excluded |
SKIDS |
Are
bearers (timber or steel) positioned under the cargo to enable forklift
handling at port, and for ease of rigging and lashing on board ship. |
SN |
Satellite
Navigation - A form of position finding using radio transmissions from
satellites with sophisticated on-board automatic equipment |
SOC |
Shipper
Owned Container |
SOF |
Statement
of Facts |
SP |
Safe
Port |
SPIDERING |
Is
the strengthening of circular tanks for transport, this prevents the tanks
from becoming warped. The tanks are strengthened with steel or wood
crossbeams giving a "spider" appearance |
SRBL |
Signing
and Releasing Bill of Lading |
SSHEX |
Saturdays,
Sundays, Holidays Excluded |
SSHINC (or SATSHINC) |
Saturdays,
Sundays, Holidays Included |
STABILITY |
It
is paramount that a vessel is stable in all aspects at all times. When cargo
is loaded/discharged, the stability is monitored by a computer, which takes
into account the weight and position of cargo within the vessel. |
STARBOARD |
Right
side of a ship when facing the front or forward end. |
STEM |
Subject
to Enough Merchandise (Availability of cargo). Also, the forward most part of
the bow. |
STERN |
The
aformost or after part of a ship |
SUB |
Subject
(to). Depending upon as a condition |
SUPERCARGO |
Person
employed by a ship owner, shipping company, charterer of a ship or shipper of
goods to supervise cargo handling operations. Often called a port captain. |
SWAD |
Salt
Water Arrival Draft |
SWDD |
Salt
Water Departure Draft |
THWARTSHIPS |
At
right angles to the centreline of the ship |
TIDE |
The
periodic rise and fall of water level in the oceans |
TIME BAR |
Time
after which legal claims will not be entered |
TBN |
To
Be Named / To Be Nominated |
TC |
Time
Charter - Owners agree to hire a particular ship for a set length of time and
provide technical management, crewing etc. |
TCP |
Time
Charter Party |
TEU |
Standard
20' Container |
TOPSIDES |
The
sides of a ship between the waterline and the deck; sometimes referring to
onto or above the deck |
TRIM |
Fore
and aft balance of a ship |
TTL |
Total |
TW |
Tween
Decker |
USC |
Unless
Sooner Commenced |
UU |
Unless
Used |
UUIWCTAUTC |
Unless
Used In Which Case Time Actually Used To Count |
VPD |
Vessel
Pays Dues |
WATERLINE |
A
line painted on a hull which shows the point to which a ship sinks when it is
properly trimmed |
WAY |
Movement
of a ship through water such as headway, sternway or leeway |
WCCON |
Whether
Customs Cleared Or Not |
WIBON |
Whether
In Berth Or Not |
WIFPON |
Whether
In Free Pratique Or Not |
WINDWARD |
Toward
the direction from which the wind is coming |
WIPON |
Whether
In Port Or Not |
WLTOHC |
Water
Line-To-Hatch Coaming |
WOG |
Without
Guarantee |
WP |
Weather
Permitting. That time during which weather prevents working shall not count
as laytime |
WPD |
Weather
Permitting Day |
WWD |
Weather
Working Day |
WRIC |
Wire
Rods In Collis |
WWR |
When,
Where Ready |
WWWW |
Wibon,
Wccon, Wifpon, Wipon |
YAR |
York
Antwerp Rules |
YAW |
To
swing or steer off course, as when running with a quartering sea |
Z |
UTC = GMT |